The Great Depression Of The 1930s - 2131 Words

The Great Depression of the 1930s undoubtedly marked a period of massive change and devastation throughout the entire nation. People of all backgrounds were plagued by destitution and insufferable living conditions, while unemployment rates had soared beginning with Black Tuesday, to the point where the public had begun to lose hope for the future. In enduring all of the instances of negative change, the people, whether of white or black heritage, whether rich or poor, had all shared one set of characteristics in common: the foundation of human nature. In the set of circumstances which had unfolded before the weakened citizens of the United States, unity had become less of a stretch, even necessary to maintain the nation’s former glory and prosperity, and the promise of liberty had become increasingly essential to sustain the drive of the people to pursue their passions uninterrupted by the economic depression. As is natural of such a turbulent time period, various works have been composed relating to the Great Depression, several of which invoke the components of human nature. Indeed, human nature had upheld the nation throughout the 1930s; without the consistency of humanity in times of desperation, there would be all but no support for the faltering economy and lifestyle. However, given the Great Depression’s sheer influence upon human nature, in times of change, whether beneficial or deleterious, society bends in the direction of prosperity. At the forefront, the GreatShow MoreRelatedThe Great Depression Of The 1930s999 Words   |  4 PagesThe Great Depression of the 1930s is notably one of the greatest crises of American history. During this time frame the American economy collapsed in great part because of factors such as the existence of massive wealth inequality, the dust bowl that started in the Great Plains, and the rampant business speculation of the 1920’s. These factors helped turn an awful economic depression into what would be called an all-out social crisis. Bread lines and soup kitchens became a common occurrence in AmericanRead MoreThe Great Depression Of The 1930s Essay1689 Words   |  7 PagesGlobal Crisis of 2008 in Comparison to the Great Depression of the 1930s Introduction The economic crisis’ of the 1930s and 2000s greatly impacted the United Sates (U.S) and the world. The Great Depression and Global Crisis were both major economic crisis’s the originated in the United States and spread to foreign markets around the world. The Great Depression is regarded as the biggest economic downturn, due to many factors like the stock market crash. The Global Crisis on the other hand, was aRead MoreThe Great Depression Of The 1930s885 Words   |  4 Pagesabout the Great Depression of the 1930s? Give examples of the differences between the relief policies of F.D.R. and Hoover. Describe the opponents of F.D.R.’s relief policies, and how he did more to expand executive power than any other President in American history. Also take the time to explain other significant events and issues that took place in the U.S. during this time which made the depression seem even bleaker. GREAT DEPRESSION Some factors that brought about the Great Depression of the 1930sRead MoreThe Great Depression Of The 1930s925 Words   |  4 PagesThe assigned readings offered an interesting and complex view of some of the diverse groups of people who were marginalized in California during the Great Depression of the 1930s. The primary sources shared detailed information on how Mexicans, Filipinos, and White Americas experienced hostility and inequality in California. In Resistance, Radicalism, and Repression on the Oxnard Plain, Frank Barajas discusses how beet sugar growers on the Oxnard Plain cut the wages of Mexican laborers working inRead MoreThe Great Depression Of 19301805 Words   |  8 PagesDepression of 1930 The Great Depression of 1930 molded the American culture and the political life of our nation. Due to its pivotal role in the formation of our economic system. Today I will provide an inside depth of the Causes and Effects of the Great Depression and will focus on the results and outcomes that resulted in this event that would change the lives of many in this time period of despair and of devastation. To begin in the 1920s it was a time of prosperity in lives of many as the economyRead MoreThe Great Depression Of The 1930s1844 Words   |  8 PagesIt is common knowledge that the 1930s was the time of the worst economic downturn the world has ever seen. The Great Depression, which lasted for ten years, facilitated discontent among various ethnic groups, genders and occupations. Perhaps the most significant fallout from the Wall Street Crash in 1929 was the economic migration of itinerant workers to California – the state of the Steinbeck’s birth – as a result of harsh geographical conditions in the region of the United States known as the ‘DustRead MoreThe Great Depression Of The 1930 S1476 Words   |  6 Pagesthe great depression of the 1930’s and the great recession in the United State of America. First, I’ll make a general overview of each of these two different periods and then focus on certain specific aspects during these different times. This will include the causes to the economic recessions witnessed, impacts of the economic recessions and the solutions that were introduced. When talking about any topic regarding American history, it would be hard not to mention the 1930’s great depression. AuthorsRead MoreCauses Of Great Depression Of The 1930s1173 Words   |  5 Pages Causes of the Great Depression Khalid Mohamed 500710091 DR. M. Jolly ECN 220: Evolution Of Global Economy â€Å"Analyze the causes of the Great Depression of the 1930s. Do you feel that this was caused primarily by weaknesses in the economy of the United States or by structural weaknesses in the international economy?† The Great Depression The Great Depression, was a phenomenal incident that was caused by multiple factors, it is considered one of the most tragic downfalls inRead More The Great Depression of the 1930s in Canada1305 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great Depression of the 1930s in Canada The Great Depression of the 1930s is a benchmark for all depressions and recessions in the past and in the future. In the booklet The Great Depression of the 1930s in Canada , Michiel Horn gives an intellectual dissection of the events that occurred during the Great Depression. Michiel Horns approach leaves the reader with a foul taste for the Dirty Thirties. This essay will summarize Michiel Horns key points as well as discuss the ability ofRead MoreThe Great Depression Of The 1930 S Essay762 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Maynard Keynes was the most influential economist of the 1900’s and many of his ideas were adopted by Franklin D. Roosevelt to combat the Great Depression of the 1930’s. With the passing of the economic crisis in 2008, countless articles have been published supporting Keynes and his economic thought. He investigated the origins of the Great Depression and remodeled the field of economics with a basic conclusion: economies recover from downturns by sp ending money. Keynes theorized that during

Blonde Ambition How The Similar Careers Of Madonna And...

Alejandro Rodriguez Riley English Comp I – 1301- 052 October 23, 2017 Blonde Ambition: How the Similar Careers of Madonna and Britney Spears Created Two Different Pop Icons At the 2003 MTV Video Music Awards, pop icon Madonna joined two of the biggest pop stars at the time, Britney Spears and Christina Aguilera, on stage and would share a buzzworthy performance that kept the world talking and cemented the performers as some of the greatest MTV has ever seen. At the time, Spears was about to release a new album. She was still in the only years of her career, but with this performance, where the three female pop stars exchanged open mouth kisses on national television, critics began to wonder- could Britney Spears be the new Madonna of the†¦show more content†¦While both performers are singers by trade, both have been ridiculed for their vocal abilities in comparison to their contemporaries. Madonna and Spears both receive constant criticism for using a backing vocal track, a widely used tool in the music industry for performers where she sings live over a pre-recorded track, during most live performances with heavy choreography. While Madonna was being compared to Janet Jackson and Whitney Houston, Spears was competing with her contemporaries like Christina Aguilera or even Jennifer Lopez. However, in 1987 Madonna’s Who’s That Girl tour earned her $25 Million in US ticket sales in comparison to Houston’s $20.1 Million earned for her Moment of Truth tour that same year. (Thakur 168) Madonna has also sold over 300 Million records worldwide and is has generated over $1.2 Billion in sales during the first half of her career. (Kramarae Spender 459) Spears also came out on top throughout her early career as becoming the biggest female artist of the decade of the 21st century with over 150 million albums sold worldwide- heavily outselling Aguilera, Lopez, and other contemporaries. (Billboard) In fact, Guinness World Records has Spears’ debut album as the best-selling album by a teenager selling 25 Million records In 2001, Spears hadShow MoreRelatedTeaching Notes Robert Grant - Strategy 4th Edition51665 Words   |  207 PagesContents Introduction 3 1 Madonna 21 2 Laura Ashley Holdings plc: The Battle for Survival 26 3 The US Airline Industry in 2002 33 4 DaimlerChrysler and the World Automobile Industry 41 5 Wal-Mart Stores Inc., May 2002 49 6 Eastman Kodak: Meeting the Digital Challenge 62 7 Organizational Restructuring within the Royal Dutch/Shell Group 70 8 Harley-Davidson, Inc., January 2001 77 9 Online Broking Strategies: Merrill Lynch, Charles Schwab and E*Trade 83 10 11 12 Emi and the CT Scanner

Finding Identity in the Pathway from Slavery to Literacy...

You have seen how a man was made a slave; you shall see how a slave was made a man.† -Frederick Douglass, Narrative of the Life (1845) The most shameful practices of American history is the act of slavery from the whites to the African Americans. Many African Americans were born into slavery and forced to feel inferior towards their white masters. Actual human beings were treated like animals. The inhumane condition of slavery challenged African Americans to discover their individual true identity. The whites defined the slaves’ identity as nothing but servants to them. To the slaves, a symbol of hope was the chance to become literate —learning how to read and write. Frederick Douglass, an African American slave, believed that literacy was†¦show more content†¦In the last two lines â€Å"Remember, Christians, Negros, black as Cain, / May be refined, and join the angelic train (lines 7-8).† Wheatley feels that the Africans will be â€Å"refined† and changed because of the introduction of Christianity. Wheatley believes that taken away from her homeland was a good thing for her ide ntity to evolve. She feels that the person she is, is not the person she was born as. Despite of her African American race and woman gender, Wheatley succeeded in gaining recognition of her intelligence and literacy in her time. Because of her background, her writing seem too good to be true. The quality of her work was astounding to many of her readers. She had clearly discovered her identity as a respected female African American writer. Frederick Douglass was born into slavery in 1818 at Maryland and was of mixed race, his mother an African American and father a white man (920). Douglass was first thought how to read by his slave master Sophia. Later, her teachings were discontinued by her husband who believe that teaching a slave how to read or write will only do harm (945). After this event Douglas was persistent to learn how to become literate. He learned how to read and write by giving food to the boys in the neighborhood inShow MoreRelatedThe Life Of Frederick Douglass, An A merican Slave1170 Words   |  5 Pagesis no struggle, there is no progress.† This famous quote is from a speech given by one of America’s most influential abolitionist speakers, Frederick Douglass. Born into slavery, this great American leader led a life many of us would find impossible to bear. After gaining his freedom from slavery, Douglass shared his stories through impressive speeches and vivid autobiographies, which helped America move forward as a country liberated from racial inequality. Although Narrative of the Life of FrederickRead MoreDouglass s Narrative Of Slavery Essay1236 Words   |  5 Pagesto give. We realize numerous things from Frederick Douglass`s Narrative. We discover that at one point some slave proprietors which for his case Mrs. Auld, wanted to treat slaves like normal people with the gift of education and kindness but, we additionally discover that their drive to learn things change in the weeks of being beaten and tormented so much that a ll they genuinely need is Freedom. Douglass in his Narrative needed to simply escape and rest from his torment. He was severely beaten andRead More Social and Legal Definitions of Slavery Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave3974 Words   |  16 PagesMr. Covey seemed now to think he had me, and could do what he pleased; but at this moment -- from whence came the spirit I dont know -- I resolved to fight; and, suiting my action to the resolution, I seized Covey hard by the throat; and as I did so, I rose. (Douglass 112, chapt. 10) In Chapter 10 of Frederick Douglass Narrative of the Life of... an American Slave, Douglass describes an important incident in which he forces backward the standard master-slave hierarchy of beating privilegesRead MoreStatement of Purpose23848 Words   |  96 PagesOhio Wesleyan Writing Center Founded University Promoting1955 as a hallmark of liberal arts education writing Writing Guidelines Statements of Purpose From the OWU Writing Center in the Sagan Academic Resource Center The OWU Writing Center Corns 316 ââ€" ª (740-368-3925) ââ€" ª http://writing.owu.edu ââ€" ª open Monday-Friday, 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Ohio Wesleyan University Writing Center  © 2011 Writing Guidelines for Statements of Purpose Contents Writing Your Statement of Purpose ..........

Relationship In Between Personality and Job Performance

Question: Describe about the Relationship In Between Personality and Job Performance. Answer: In the recent time, personality has gained more importance in an organization. It is only due to the individual job performance that the organization achieves its goals. Personality and job performance is an integrated model depicted well in five-factor model. I t showcases how job performance relates to personality traits. It tells about how individual differences affect the job performance of the organization (Matthews Deary, and Whiteman, 2009). It is very much important for an organization to employee high performing employees to increase overall productivity. One of the biggest questions is how to separate nonperforming employees from the other employees. The answer to this question relates to the individual personality. They both are an age old concept. The individual personality is one factor which has contributed for specialized in the personality trait. The necessity of personality test is questioned ever since it is included in the recruitment process (Burch and Anderson, 2 008).The major objective is to investigate the potential relationship in five-factor model and overall job performance. The researchers are trying to find the accurate relationship in between personality traits and their direct impact on performance. Researchers believe that personality traits are important for every kind of task (Murray, Poole and Jones, 2006). It is very much difficult to find out the central characteristic of job performance. It is due to researchers belief in different theory. There are multiple factors aligned which affect the job performance. It defines how an individual performs at a different situation and manages to conquer the difficulty. An important justification for studying personality in the workplace is that it contributes highly to the job performance and satisfaction. Job performance creates circumstances that help in facilitating personal and organizational victory (DuBrin, 2013). However, it is also generally accepted that the different concepts of performance are appropriate when conducting a job research, for decision making in the organization. Some researchers believe that the results are affected due to various external forces. It shows how carefully an individual takes actions and contributes to behaviors that are the objective of an organization. Job performance evaluates how supervisory rating aff ects the overall job performance. Is it the individual personality traits which affect the overall working in the organization? Over the last decade, researchers have reviewed the importance of personality traits as primary factors in discussing the job motivation and then performance. In a study of the different aspect of motivation, it is very much important to strive for conscientiousness. It will lead to overall improvement in the work performance. Personality traits are those variables which are essential for the improvement in an organization (Fumham, 2012). An individual who possesses the combination of the five factors model causes success at work which mainly due to how and importance to achieve goals. A person who scores high on extraversion is motivated to achieve goals .secondly personality, do affect the overall performance of an organization. Thirdly an individual, interpersonal relationship with others makes it an important reason behind success (Bailey, 2014).Job performance can be affected by the various phases which are necessary to be focused. The traditional industry has helped in understanding the role of five force model which is essential to focus while deciding the factors which are affecting the overall status of the organization regarding job performance. High neuroticism score shows high risk due to problems in psychology. A high level of neuroticism does indicate that a person may put illogical idea and is highly coping with stress. Neuroticism is a score of emotional stability. Some state that neuroticism is invers ely proportional to job performance (Rothmann and Coetzer, 2003). Extraversion includes the behavior reflecting social communication. They are vigorous and cheerful. Extraversion depicts positive feeling and experience. It is a valid forecaster of performance which involves more social interactions. A high score shows the positive relationship in between extraversion and job performance (Rothmann and Coetzer, 2003). Openness to experience includes active imagination, visual sensitivity, and attentiveness to the internal feeling, those who score very low openness which tends to show a positive image in the reserve outlook. They are willing to question the authority and are much more logical in their approach. Research has shown that openness in consulting causes long term success. Agreeableness is one who is fundamentally selfless, sensitive to others and is willing to help them, and in return expects the related kind of contribution. Agreeably is related to achieving success in occu pations where team work and customer service plays a key role (Rothmann and Coetzer, 2003). The accommodating nature of agreeable individuals may lead to achievement in employment; conscientiousness refers to self-control and a process of planning, organizing, and coordination. The conscientious person is determined, strong willed and indomitable in nature. Conscientiousness manifests in achievement direction, fidelity, and orderliness. On negative side, high conscientiousness can lead to annoying care, compulsive neatness or workaholic behavior. They both attribute a conceptual relationship. Autonomy affects the relationship in between conscientiousness and goal setting. Generally, these factors play an important role in an organization (Rothmann and Coetzer, 2003). There are five traits which are held responsible to establish the relationship in between job performance and personality. Different kind of job affects the overall job performance. Every job category has a different kind of personality traits in general. Every individual reveal different personality trait in different category of job. The best performance in future is based on the concept of extraversion. These are the factors which affect the job performance. (Hurtz and Donovan, 2000). In case of customer service conscientiousness, is the best analyst. When looking for call center employees conscientiousness emotional constancy and agreeableness are most important factors. Hence those jobs which require complicated demanding interpersonal interactions depicts complex pattern. In case of skilled and semi-skilled employees conscientiousness is the strongest predictor. (Ones et. al., 2007). In a case of professional services conscientiousness play the significant role while predicting work performance. Conscientiousness and Extraversion are associated with the leadership skills. In other words, traits help you in getting noticed. A leader play complex and perspective role. He has to play many roles to get work done. Sometimes the organization sees only one side of the coin while deciding various traits. The individual personal traits help in the overall job performances which are only due to the experience which is involved while practicing in daily routines. (Judge, et.al, 2007). The factors responsible are the job experience, mental ability and competency to achieve better result in competitive environment. (Dalal et. al, 2012). Todays workplaces are more composite and complicated. They require sophisticated leadership due to excessive global exposures. The leader has to face the volatile challenge, which requires a different level of leadership skill to achieve an effective managerial environment, it is necessary to seek better productivity. There are other factors in an organization which affects the quality of the work performed. Task performance is related to individual ability to work. Contextual performance refers to behavior such as helping the co-workers, performing activities which will improve the overall output in an organization (Davies, et al.2013).Herzberg theory provides with a model to achieve the job satisfaction. Work environment is responsible to retrieve best results. They are given an equal opportunity in decision making and policies of the organization. (Slate, Wells, and Johnson, 2003), the adoption of a good leadership style will influence the overall working of an organization. It he lps in increasing the overall productivity. It further depicts that high level of interaction in between leaders and subordinates lead to high level of organizational commitment (Babalola, .2016). A leader whose behavior is ethical in context with the present scenario shows credibility and he does have the meaningful influence upon those who are following him.(Brown et. al.2005) Ethical leadership has a positive effect on the job performance, Given by the definition leaders demonstrates work ethics and desirable behavior and are a source of inspiration. Thus his followers follow the normatively appropriate attitude, values, and ethical behavior. As such all those followers who learn from their leaders practice things in good faith. Previous studies have shown that ethical leadership increases organizational commitment (Ahn, Lee and Yun, 2016). To have a truly effective performance, leaders need to involve employees in the managerial decision making process. An organization which has involved senior managers, executives will give a high rate of participation and a better quality performance management. So it is very much necessary to communicate to everyone about their responsibility as a part of the new management process. One needs to break the role of each member of the organization which is executives, leaders, managers, employees, and HR. A leader needs to be a passionate person and needs to be supportive to his subordinate. He should communicate the value of the organization and must involve every individual in it. As a leader, he has a responsibility to recognize and emphasize strong performance in the organization. He needs to identify and encourage improvement where needed. Performance management is a two-way process .Where it is necessary for the manager to discuss the views of his subordinate. A leader needs to u se a performance management process as a tool for supporting employees morale. If the employee lacks any interest, it is the responsibility of the leader to persuade and take ownership in the performance in the organization. A leader needs to prepare a rule book to look after the interest of the employees. He should conduct short meetings and discuss and record milestones accomplishments, successes and challenges as they occur in the organization. This allows the leader to monitor progress on goals and provide them with required instructions if needed. Leadership is a lot like parenting. As parents, love their child and want to give them everything they want. The same logic goes with managing a team. Just as parenting leadership requires more. A leader cant help people without pushing them. He has to put a burden of his expectations logically upon his subordinates. He has to push people out of their comfort zone and hold people accountable. Leadership is an act of helping people to bring out best in them. Leadership is all about stepping up and work hard no matter how difficult it seems. (Myers, 2016)A leader has to play multiple roles in an organization. He has to look forward to the interest of the subordinates. He needs to make sure that the employees feel valued and respected; he must listen to his subordinates. People might show high emotions when discussing performance; he should involve everyone in decision making process as this will improve their commitment towards work. It will create a sense of responsibility in the mind of employees (Byham and Wellins, 2015). Motivational speaker Jack Welch in his interaction with the audience has given multiple examples about the performance. He asks leaders to involve manager in decision making. It will help in overall job satisfaction and improving the overall employees yield (Byham and Wellins, 2015). Proactive personality correlates positively with subjective measures of performance on evaluating it with the leader. David Chan investigated the relationship in between proactive personality and job performance. It was measured on a proactive scale. The leader of 139 employees in rehabilitation agency rated that participating subordinates will increase the overall performance. The finding was that the people with high proactively have a good judgment (DuBrin, 2013). A positive perspective on the contribution of proactively to performance is that a top leader frequently creates situations that facilitate personal and organizational success. Effective organization is rooted from the hard work of the business leaders. The idea of effective leadership is adopted in the world of technology. The employees have believed that there is a need of leadership in the organization to set an effective example. Even employees want effective leaders in order to work towards better job performance. To be a great engager and have the capacity to deliver through all four lenses (I, You, Us, All). A manager must master five fundamental roles and able to recognize when what is needed. The manager needs to move in on the daily basis to achieve the maximum performance from the employees. Howad Schultz, Starbuck was born to a family in the Bronx. He is a live example of courage, dedication, perseverance. Even in between his success he never forgets to take forward the interest of the others (Sparrow, 2012). Personality and job performance are an age old concept which moves hand in hand. There is a positive relation in between personality and job performance. Personality traits are responsible to access maximum result in the long run. It is the duty of the leader to recognize the need for recognition in an organization which helps in overall development. It is very much necessary for a leader to have good personality traits to derive positive results. Leaders are held responsible for the overall growth of the organization. A good leader plays multiple roles and strives for a maximum result with his team support. Personality and job performance are the necessity in an organization while defining various jobs. The Leader plays a role of a parent where he has to look after the need of the subordinates. Subordinates can only work well if they work under better guidelines. Job performance helps in accurate work performance. In an era of continuous global competition, leaders play a role while achieving the goals. The leader has to play multiple roles while guiding the organization. In a long run, it is very much important for a leader to look after the organization. Leaders are the future of the country. They are responsible for the well-being of the organization. The job performance is well depicted by the five forces model. Every organization follows different behavior in general. These traits help in deciding the working model in an organization .The five forces model are based on Neuroticism, extraversion, openness, assertiveness and Conscientiousness. They define that every organization has a different set of techniques, and they show different traits in a long. It is the responsibility of the leader should persuade them to take ownership in the performance of the organization. A leader needs to prepare a rule book to look after the interest of the employees. He should conduct short meetings and discuss and record milestones accomplishments, successes, and challeng es as they occur in the organization. The leadership is multi dimensional in nature, and it plays multiple functions in an organization. Hence it is true that the job performance and personality are necessary for an organization. References Ahn, aj. Lee, s. and Yen, s. 2016.Leaders Core Self-evaluation, Ethical Leadership, and Employees Job Performance: The Moderating Role of Employees Exchange Ideology. The journal of ethics. Babalola, S.2016. The Effect of Leadership Style, Job Satisfaction and Employee-Supervisor Relationship on Job Performance and Organizational Commitment. The journal of applied business research-may/June 2016, volume 32. Bailey, S.2014.Can Personality Predict Performance (Online). Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/sebastianbailey/2014/07/08/can-personality-predict-performance/#7318574d1fa0 (Accessed on 10 September 2016) Brown, m.e. and Trevino, l.k. (2006). Ethical leadership: a review and future directions. The leadership quarterly, 17(6), 595-616. Burch, G.and Anderson, N.2008.International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology 2008, Volume 23, pp.261 305. US: John Wiley Sons Byham, T.and Wellins, R.2015. Your First Leadership Job: How Catalyst Leaders bring Out the Best in Others .US: John Wiley Sons Dalal, R., Baysinger, M., Brummel, B., LeBreton, J. (2012). The relative importance of employee engagement, other job attitudes, and trait affect as predictors of job performance. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 42, 295-325. Davies, et al.2013. Human Performance: Cognition, Stress and Individual Differences. Psychology Press DuBrin, A. 2013. Proactive Personality and Behavior for Individual and Organizational Productivity New horizons in management. Edward Elgar Publishing Furnham, A.2012. The Psychology of Behavior at Work: The Individual in the Organization. Psychology Press Hurtz, G. M., Donovan, J. J. (2000). Personality and job performance: The Big Five revisited. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85, 869-879. Judge, T. A., Jackson, C. L., Shaw, J. C., Scott, B., Rich, B. L. (2007). Self-Efficacy and Work-Related Performance: The Integral Role of Individual Differences. Journal of Applied Psychology, (92), 107-127. Matthews, G., Deary, I and Whiteman, M. 2009. Personality Traits. UK:Cambridge University Press Murray, P., Poole, D and Jones, G.2006. Contemporary Issues in Management and Organizational Behavior. Australia: Cengage Learning Australia Myers, C.2016.How I Learned That Employees Need A Leader, Not A Friend. (Online). Available at : https://www.forbes.com/sites/chrismyers/2016/09/08/how-i-learned-that-employees-need-a-leader-not-a-friend/#22fa94fe69b6 (Accessed on: 10 September 2016) Ones, D. S., Dilchert, S., Viswesvaran, C., Judge, T. A. (2007). In support of personality assessment in organizational settings. Personnel Psychology, 60, 995-1027. Rothmann, S. and Coetzer, E. 2003. The Big Five Personality Dimensions And Job Performance. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 2003, 29 (1), 68-74. Slate, R.N., Wells, T.L., and Johnson, W.W. (2003). Opening the managers door : state probation officer stress and perceptions of participation in workplace decision making . Crime and deliuency, 49(4), 519-541 Sparrow, J.2012. The Culture Builders: Leadership Strategies for Employee Performance. Gower Publishing, Ltd